Space & Astronomy/Space and Astronomy (October 1993).iso/mac/TEXT/SPACEDIG/V12_6/V12_701.TXT

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Subject: SPACE Digest V12 #701

SPACE Digest                                     Volume 12 : Issue 701

Today's Topics:
               Re: Light years and such
           Re: Galileo Update #2 - 12/14/90
      Re: Additions to Frequently asked SPACE questions
               * SpaceNews  17-Dec-90 *
           Re: space news from Nov 12 AW&ST
         SPACE Digest (Re: Usenet equivalent)
           Re: Soviets sell Mir flight to Americans

Administrivia:

    Submissions to the SPACE Digest/sci.space should be mailed to
  [e-mail].  Other mail, esp. [un]subscription notices,
  should be sent to [e-mail], or, if urgent, to
             [e-mail]

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: 14 Dec 90 15:41:54 GMT
From: mojo![e-mail]  (Dragon Taunter)
Subject: Re: Light years and such

Arnold G. Gill writes:
>John Schultz writes:
>>
>>I have no trouble with the idea of light speed, light years, etc., but how
>>can one telescope see back farther than another?  Is it due to focusing power,
>>or something similar?
>
>     No -- it is due to the fact that the telescope has better light
>collection abilities and/or better detectors.  Either way, one can see fainter
>objects, and for objects with the same intrinsic brightness, this means that
>they can be seen further away.  However, the real important quantity is the
>magnitude limit (how bright an object is).  The public finds things like 26th
>magnitude difficult to understand, so they are told that one can see twice as
>far.

I would like to add that what is actually measured is the redshift.
There is no way to measure directly the distance to object.  One obtains
a redshift and then choses a particular model of the universe to use for
the calculation of distance.  To within factors of two and pi the printed
distance in the paper agrees with the values from the different models.

Once again, the specifics have been diluted since news reporters do not
expect the public to know what a z=4.5 reshift means.  It does not help
any for space sciences reporting that many science news reporters have
backgrounds in biology.
--
    [e-mail]        [e-mail] (code 926)
    [e-mail]        [e-mail]
        5 hrs 10' 39" W     39 deg 2' 9.7" N
A milihelen is the amount of beauty required to launch one ship.

------------------------------

Date: 14 Dec 90 21:56:37 GMT
From: [e-mail]  (John Misner)
Subject: Re: Galileo Update #2 - 12/14/90

In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] (Ron Baalke) writes:
>
>                       GALILEO STATUS REPORT
>                         December 14, 1990
> ...
>     Part I of the VE-12 (Venus-Earth 12) ...
                    ^      ^^^^^
   Since the maneuver was called VEEGA (which I remember as
Venus-Earth-Earth-Gravity-Assist), why is this portion not called
EE-1 (Earth-Earth 1)?

Another note from an "en"quiring mind.

                                        jm

------------------------------

Date: 15 Dec 90 00:32:50 GMT
From: zephyr.ens.tek.com!wrgate!mtdoom![e-mail]  (Dan Tilque)
Subject: Re: Additions to Frequently asked SPACE questions

[e-mail] (Jonathan Leech) writes:
>[e-mail] (Dan Tilque) writes:
>|>    2. Why do the Principle Investigators get to hog their data for
>|>    a full year instead of releasing it to me (Joe Taxpayer) who
>|>    paid for it?
>
>    I'd rather phrase FAQs in a less-biased way than get
>into another big argument on this topic. Want to try that one again?

Sorry.  I didn't mean for it to appear in the FAQ in that form.  How
about:

    Why isn't the scientific data and images from a probe released
    to the public immediately?

If that's unsatisfactory, please feel free to rewrite it yourself.

---
Dan Tilque    --    [e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: 15 Dec 90 02:31:57 GMT
From: ka2qhd![e-mail]  (John Magliacane)
Subject: * SpaceNews  17-Dec-90 *


SB SPACE @ ALLBBS < KD2BD $SPC1217
* SpaceNews  17-Dec-90 *

Bulletin ID: $SPC1217


                              =========
                              SpaceNews
                              =========

                       MONDAY DECEMBER 17, 1990

SpaceNews originates at KD2BD in Wall Township, New Jersey, United States.
It is published every week and is made available for unlimited distribution.



* MIR NEWS *
============
U2MIR has once again become active from the Mir space station complex.
Simplex radio contacts with U2MIR can be made on a frequency of 145.550 MHz
FM when the amateur radio experiment is active and the spacecraft is above
your horizon.  U2MIR was supposed to contact WA4SIR on the Space Shuttle
(STS-35), but due to Columbia's early return to Earth, the contact was
never established.


* OSCAR-21 NEWS *
=================
The launch of AMSAT-OSCAR-21/RM-1/RS-14/RUDAK-2 has been postponed until
07-Jan-91 so that a Soviet official may witness the launch.

RUDAK-2 will not only carry a Mode B linear transponder, but also a variety
of packet radio experiments with data rates from 400 to 9600 bps using
various modulation schemes.  It will be compatible with AX.25 protocols
and those amateurs equipped for FO-20, PACSAT, LUSAT, AO-13 PSK telemetry,
and UO-14.

Linear Transponder Uplink:    435.030 - 435.120 MHz (90 KHz)
Linear Transponder Downlink:  145.880 - 145.970 MHz (inverted)
O/P Power: 12 watts max.
Beacon  : 145.880 MHz, CW telemetry.

Gain of satellite RX/TX antennas: 2.3 dBi each (dipoles)
Input sensitivity:  -125 dBm (435 MHz) for a C/No of 45 dB/Hz

SAT-RX-1:  435.016 MHz +-10 KHz  1200 bps, FSK, NRZIC/Biphase-M (JAS, PACSAT)
SAT-RX-2:  435.155 MHz +-10 KHz  (AFC) 2400 bps, BPSK, Biphase-S
SAT-RX-3a: 435.193 MHz +-10 KHz  (AFC) 4800 bps, RSM, NRZIC/Biphase-M
SAT-RX-3b: 435.193 MHz +-10 KHz  (AFC) 9600 bps, RSM, NRZI (NRZ-S) +Scrambler
SAT-RX-4:  435.041 MHz +-10 KHz  (digital AFC) RX for RTX-DSP experiments

The downlink can be switched to the following operating modes:
Transmit frequency:  145.983 MHz

Mode 1: 1200 bps, BPSK, NRZI (NRZ-S) (like FO-20)
Mode 2:  400 bps, BPSK, Biphase-S (AMSAT mode for OSCAR-13 beacon)
Mode 3: 2400 bps, BPSK, Biphase-S (planned for OSCAR-13)
Mode 4: 4800 bps,  RSM, NRZIC (Biphase-M) (like 4800 bps uplink)
Mode 5: 9600 bps,  RSM, NRZI (NRZ-S) + Scrambler (like 9600 bps uplink)
Mode 6: CW keying (only for special events)
Mode 7: FSK (F1 or F2B), e.g. RTTY, SSTV, FAX, etc. (only for special events)
Mode 8: FM modulated by D/A signals from DSP-RISC processor (e.g. speech)

RUDAK-2 is a joint project of AMSAT-U-ORBITA, the Adventure Clubs in Moscow
and the AMSAT-DL/RUDAK Group in Marburg, Munich and Hannover.

[From: DB2OS & DJ0HC/KE6MN via OSCAR-11 07-Apr-90]


* TNX QSL! *
============
A special thanks to all those who sent QSLs, cards and letters to SpaceNews:

KF6J  : Lou Godat, Mission Viejo, California, U.S.A.
N4WAO : Denis Wood, Eastville, Virginia, U.S.A.

...and e-mail messages:

KG2U, NK8Y, N8AHO, KB0AGD


* FEEDBACK WELCOMED *
=====================
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of the following paths:

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MAIL     : John A. Magliacane, KD2BD
           Department of Electronics Technology
           Advanced Technology Center
           Brookdale Community College
           765 Newman Springs Road
           Lincroft, New Jersey 07738
           U.S.A.


       << If you like what you see, send us your QSL card! >>

/EX
--
John A. Magliacane                 FAX  : [phone]
Electronics Technology Department  AMPR : KD2BD @ NN2Z.NJ.USA.NA
Brookdale Community College        UUCP : ...!rutgers!ka2qhd!kd2bd
Lincroft, NJ  07738  USA           VOICE: [phone] ext 607

------------------------------

Date: 14 Dec 90 05:18:44 GMT
From: agate!shelby!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!usc!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!uakari.primate.wisc.edu!caen!umich!dgsi![e-mail]  (Greg Cronau)
Subject: Re: space news from Nov 12 AW&ST

In article <[e-mail]> [e-mail] (Henry Spencer) writes:
>NASA appoints five-man team to assess recent orbiter turnaround problems
>and consider whether changes are needed.  The team is headed by "former
>astronaut" John Young.  ["Former"?  I thought he was still nominally an
>active astronaut.]

While John Young still has the official title of "Astronaut", I believe he has
removed himself from the active flight rotation schedule. I have not heard
why he made this decision.

[e-mail]

------------------------------

Date: 14 Dec 90 17:00:12 GMT
From: [e-mail]  (Todd L. Masco)
Subject: SPACE Digest (Re: Usenet equivalent)

[e-mail] (Judy Anderson) writes:
> Is there a usenet equivalent for the space digest?  If so, under what
> newsgroup name should I look?  Thanks.
>                                         Judy Anderson

[I'm sending this to sci.space rather than making a personal reply
 because I've received many subscription requests from sci.space
 readers]

Short answer:  Yes, sci.space.

Long answer/Ad:

The SPACE Digest is a mailing-list equivalent to the USENET newsgroup
 sci.space; the only real differences being that I frequently will put
 one or two articles of interest in from another newsgroup and that I
 will occasionally completely remove a flamefest or a thread that has
 become completely ridiculous, before the Digest goes out (I don't
 like to do this, but...).

To those with USENET feeds, the Digest is of interest only to those
 who for some reason prefer mail to rn.  I only know of a few people
 with access to hosts with feeds who receive the Digest.

The Magazine is another matter; the SPACE Digest has a companion
 "best-of, mostly-facts" digest, named the SPACE Magazine.  If you're
 tired of the bad signal-to-noise ratio of the newsgroup, you may want
 to get the Magazine as an alternative to wading through scores of
 articles every day.

If you know somebody who can't get at a USENET feed, can receive mail,
 and might be interested in the Digest or the Magazine, let 'em know
 about the Digest and Magazine!

Digest requests should be directed to:  [e-mail]
Magazine request should be directed to: [e-mail]
--
Todd L. Masco   |  tm2b+@{andrew.cmu.edu,andrew.bitnet}  |  "Boxes."

------------------------------

Date: 14 Dec 90 08:17:48 GMT
From: snorkelwacker.mit.edu!usc!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!lavaca.uh.edu!jetson.uh.edu![e-mail]
Subject: Re: Soviets sell Mir flight to Americans

In article <[e-mail]>, [e-mail] (Ken  Sheppardson) writes:
> [e-mail] writes:
>>The electronic publication SPACE FAX DAILY reported Friday, Dec. 7, that:
>>
>>"a flight to MIR had been sold to an american buyer through
>> SPACE COMMERCE CORPORATION.  More details available on Monday."
>>
>
>    According to Space News, an undisclosed American firm has payed an
>    undisclosed amount (greater than $12 million) for a ride in the next
>    six months or so. I don't recall the exact numbers, but I'll check them
>    when I get back to the office on Friday and post a correction if necessary.
>

The HOUSTON CHRONICLE, HOUSTON POST, and REUTERS NEWS SERVICE all had stories
on this on Wednesday, Dec. 12.  The CHRONICLE and REUTERS story was based
on the SPACE NEWS article, but it was not stated as such in the POST.

The only new information presented was that the un-named firm buying the
Soyuz/MIR flight is Houston based, the five to seven day flight is scheduled
for late 1992, the price is more than the $12 million Tokyo Broadcasting
Service paid, and the company and purpose are still unknown.

                               Ad Astra, Y'all

                                 Alvin Carley
      moving to:       ====>     [e-mail]

Put my name in all subject lines of all email for me.

------------------------------

End of SPACE Digest V12 #701
*******************